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substance abuse, addiction treatment & rehab. guide

Marijuana / Tetrahydrocannabinol

Effects of use vary greatly depending on mood, expectations and dose. According to data minority of cannabis users have ever tried heroin or cocaine despite of the fact that – as it is sometimes claimed – cannabis is a first step drug to heavier drugs use ("cannabis abuse leads to addiction to heroin and cocaine in the future"). Main source of marijuana is Cannabis sativa which is a bushy plant. Fiber of cannabis used to be used to make ropes, textiles and oils. Main psychoactive ingredients in cannabis are compounds called tetrahydrocannabinols (THC) and probably the most active of them is Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol which acts in brain. Strength of cannabis depends on from which part of the plant cannabis was made. Hashish or hash is the most popular in UK. It is a resin from dried plant pressed into brown blocks. Grass, bush, ganga or marijuana is cannabis leaves, chopped and dried. This less processed, more herbal form of cannabis is weaker in action than hashish. However, there are some forms of herbal cannabis which are as much strong as hashish and it's called 'skunk'. Smoking grass looks like smoking cigarettes – chopped leaves are rolled with piece of paper and smoked as joints or in a pipe. In some European countries there are current debates on legalizing cannabis which – according to medical data – was not proven to be source of any physical addiction or physical dependence. Moreover, there is no indications that marijuana is harmful for physical health. In other countries idea of legalizing cannabis probably have no chances to be realized by governments because of lack of societies support. However, in the Netherlands cannabis is legal.

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Trade

Trade & street names

marijuana, tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabis, ganja, grass, THC, marinol, pot, sinsemilla, blunts, mota, yerba, grifa, bhang, black, blast, blow, Bob Hope, bush, dope, draw ganga, hash, hashish, hemp, herb, pote, puff, skunk, smoke, spliff, wacky bakcy, weed

Products

no commercial products in U.S. (illegal in most states of U.S., decriminalized in some; legal in Spain, The Netherlands, Peru and Bangladesh)

Medical info

Class

cannabinoids

Medical use

no medical use

Routes

oral, smoked

Effects of use

euphoria, relaxed inhibitions, increased appetite, disorientation, increased heart rate, decreased blood pressure, bloodshot eyes, reduced motor coordination, mild dizziness (cannabis has a mild sedative effect); users become talkative or quite contraty – quieter; some users are made anxious and paranoid by cannabis; long-term use and smoke inhalation may lead to respiratory disorders and cancer of the lung; apathy, lacks of energy and motivation to work or learn

Effects of overdose

fatigue, paranoia, possible psychosis

Withdrawal effects

occasional reports of insomnia, hyperactivity, decreased appetite

Onset

minutes, effect is quick (rapid in onset when smoked; onset is slower when eaten and duration is longer)

Duration of action

2-4 hours

Chemistry

Chemical name

(–)-(6aR,10aR)-6,6,9-trimethyl-3-pentyl-6a,7,8,10a
-tetrahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromen-1-ol

Chemical formula

C21H30O2

Molecular mass

314.45 g/mol
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